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CMS European M&A Study 2026

Data-driven analysis into key market trends, risk allocation strategies, and evolving deal dynamics from 601 private M&A transactions that CMS advised across Europe in 2025.

27 Mar 2026 Montenegro 2 min read

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The CMS European M&A Study 2026 is the 18th edition of CMS’s flagship analysis of market practice in European private M&A. Based on 601 transactions advised by CMS across Europe in 2025, the Study provides a clear, data-driven view of how deal terms are evolving. The Study offers practical insight into negotiation dynamics, risk allocation and pricing mechanisms, with comparisons across jurisdictions, deal sizes and – where relevant – against US market practice.

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Key Findings and Takeaways

  • Buyer and seller trends remained steady last year

    Strategic or finance investors made up 96% of buyers, with strategic buyers dropping by 4% (to 69%) and finance buyers rising by 6% (to 27%), highlighting private equity’s growing role in M&A. On the sell side, strategic investors increased their share to 48%, while finance investors, managers and individuals each saw a 2% decline from 2024.

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  • AI remains a key topic in the legal industry

    AI tool usage in M&A doubled to 60% of deals involving legal tech. Legal practitioners report that in 72% of cases, these tools improved efficiency. This trend is expected to grow as more lawyers and dealmakers use tech throughout M&A processes.

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  • 2025 data shows pricing-related deal terms remained consistent with 2024

    Purchase price adjustments stayed steady, while earn-outs and EBIT/EBITDA-based earn-out metrics increased, continuing a buyer-friendly trend from 2024.

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  • Risk allocation showed small shifts

    Risk allocation showed small shifts, with de minimis and basket limitations increasing slightly in favour of sellers, but longer limitation periods also becoming more common. Data on liability caps and security for claims remained largely unchanged from the previous year.

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What the Study covers

  • Buyer and seller profiles
  • Pricing mechanisms: purchase price adjustments, locked box and earn-outs
  • Risk allocation: liability caps, de minimis and baskets, limitation periods, MAC clauses and security for claims
  • Warranty & indemnity insurance trends
  • ESG considerations in M&A
  • Regional differences across Europe
  • European vs US deal term comparison
  • Deal size analysis and sector insights

About the CMS European M&A Study

Now in its 18th year, the CMS European M&A Study is one of the longest-running and most comprehensive analyses of European M&A market practice. Its scale, geographic breadth and consistency over time make it a trusted benchmark for understanding how deal terms develop across economic cycles.

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