Royal Decree-Law 5/2023 of 28 June adopting and extending certain measures in response to the economic and social consequences of the war in Ukraine, support for the reconstruction of the island of La Palma and other situations of vulnerability; transposing European Union Directives on structural modifications of commercial companies and reconciliation of family and professional life for parents and carers; and implementing and enforcement of European  Union law.

Ignacio GrangelRoyal decree-law 11/2022 (hereinafter, RDL 11/2022) entered into force on the 27th of June, a day after it was published in the Official State Bulletin (hereinafter, the BOE, as per its...

1. Have specific legislative or regulatory provisions been adopted by the Government in relation to the increase in the price of raw materials? To mitigate the consequences of the rise in the prices...

1. Drug adverse effects: kinds of responsibility 1.1 Which are the main kinds of responsibility (contractual, in tort, criminal) of the following subjects with respect to adverse drugs reactions? A. Man­u­fac­tur­ersDrug...

A guide for large energy users Across Europe there is a clear and consistent trend for large scale commercial and industrial users of electricity adopting on-site power solutions. This is the result of a range of factors, in­clud­ing:re­new­able on-site generation being one of the most clear-cut ways to help “green” a site’s electricity supply and help the com­mer­cial/in­dus­tri­al user achieve their climate change targets;on-site power solutions having the ability to provide resilience of electricity supply during times of system outage or con­straint;avoid­ance of the network and policy charges typically associated with electricity taken from the grid; andthe commercial opportunities from leveraging flexible on-site power solutions to reduce consumption from the grid and/or to export electricity onto the grid. However, while such opportunities mean that on-site power solutions are often an attractive option, on-site projects will generally come with a complex array of legal options and considerations. These range from:the fundamental point that such projects inherently involve participation in a typically heav­ily-reg­u­lated arena (and often the backdrop of a set of regulations rapidly evolving to keep pace with the sector), toa range of pro­ject/agree­ment structures and parties (without a “cookie cutter” approach) involved in project ownership, operation and electricity sale and purchase, with significant co-dependence between such parties, toa government policy context that (while at face value often pro-green) is often increasingly concerned about grid and policy charges being avoided through these types of project and wishes to see all market participants paying a perceived fair share of such costs. In this guide we provide an overview of these challenges and opportunities in Europe, with a view to assisting you in reviewing, upfront, the key issues often associated with on-site power solutions of this nature. 

1. Current State of Hydrogen Projects in Spain Hydrogen has been recognised in the country’s National Energy and Climate Plan (“NECP”) as having a key role in the Spanish energy transition. Due...

On 27 October 2021, Royal Decree-Law 23/2021, of 26 October, on urgent measures for the protection of consumers and the introduction of transparency in the wholesale and retail electricity and natural...

On 15 September 2021, the Official State Gazette published Royal Decree-law 17/2021 on urgent measures to mitigate the impact of rising natural gas prices on the retail gas and electricity markets. This...

The recent energy policy in Spain is aimed at the adoption of regulatory measures to achieve the decarbonisation of its economy and ensure compliance with the obligation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions...

Spain's Climate Change and Energy Transition Act 7/2021 was approved on 13 May 2021, published in the Official State Gazette on 21 May 2021 and became law the following day.  Over the past few years...