1. Risk Rating  
  2. AI regulation in your jurisdiction 
  3. Existing Regulatory Frameworks Applicable to AI
  4. Regulatory Oversight of AI
  5. AI Guidance, Policies, and Strategic Frameworks  
  6. International AI Standards and Guidelines 
  7. Forthcoming AI Legislation
  8. Useful links

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Serbia
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Risk Rating  

Low.

AI regulation in your jurisdiction 

There is currently no dedicated AI law in force in Serbia.

Existing Regulatory Frameworks Applicable to AI

Serbia does not yet have a dedicated, comprehensive AI law, however, the process of drafting the AI law is in the pipeline.

AI-related activities are governed by existing legal frameworks and strategic documents:

Strategies for the Development of Artificial Intelligence in the Republic of Serbia for the period 2020-2025 and 2025-2030: The primary policy document outlining national goals and measures for AI development and adoption.

Law on Personal Data Protection: Aligned with the GDPR, it sets rules for processing personal data, a key component of many AI systems.

Law on Electronic Commerce and Law on Information Security: Provide the general legal framework for digital services, liability, and cybersecurity.

Law on Copyright and Related Rights: Applies to the use of data and content for training AI models.

Regulatory Oversight of AI

Oversight is distributed among several bodies:

  • The Government of the Republic of Serbia: Sets the national policy and strategy for AI.
  • Office for Information Technologies and e-Government: A key government body responsible for implementing the national AI strategy, developing e-government services, and managing the National AI Platform.
  • Commissioner for Information of Public Importance and Personal Data Protection: An independent authority that supervises the implementation of the Law on Personal Data Protection, including its application to AI systems.

AI Guidance, Policies, and Strategic Frameworks  

  • Strategies for the Development of Artificial Intelligence in the Republic of Serbia for the period 2020-2025 and 2025-2030: A comprehensive framework for advancing AI in education, research, innovation, and public administration.
  • Ethical Guidelines for the Development, Application and Use of Reliable and Responsible AI : Adopted in 2023, these non-binding guidelines promote trustworthy AI based on principles aligned with the EU's approach.

International AI Standards and Guidelines 

Serbia's approach to AI is heavily influenced by international and European standards. The national AI strategy and ethical guidelines explicitly reference and align with:

  • OECD AI Principles.
  • Work of the European Commission's High-Level Expert Group on AI. As an EU candidate country, Serbia actively works to harmonize its legal framework with the EU acquis, including developments related to AI. It is also a member of the Council of Europe and participated in the drafting of the Framework Convention on AI.

Forthcoming AI Legislation

While there is no formal draft AI law currently in public procedure, the national AI strategies mandate the development of a 'smart' regulatory framework for AI. As an EU candidate country, Serbia is expected to align its legislation with the EU AI Act. This process is anticipated as part of its EU accession obligations, but a precise timeline has not been announced.