CMS Expert Guide to Agrivoltaics and Floating Photovoltaics

Agrivoltaics and floating photovoltaics (FPV) are two of the most innovative and sustainable approaches to solar energy generation. These technologies not only contribute to the global renewable energy supply, but also offer unique benefits that address land use and water conservation challenges.

According to the International Energy Agency, solar power generation has grown by the remarkable 30% in 2024, surpassing the 2,000 TWh mark. This growth underlines the increasing importance of solar energy in the global energy mix. From 2016 to 2022, photovoltaic (PV) systems will see an annual growth rate in capacity and production of around 26%, doubling every three years. Among the different types of PV systems, agrivoltaics and FPV stand out for their rapid deployment and adaptability to different regulatory environments.

The European Commission has highlighted the potential of agrivoltaics to exceed the EU's photovoltaic targets for 2030. Covering just 1% of the Utilised Agricultural Area (UAA) with agrivoltaic systems could result in 944 GW of installed capacity. This innovative application demonstrates the potential for multi-use land strategies to contribute significantly to renewable energy targets.

Similarly, FPV has the potential to meet significant portions of electricity demand in several regions, particularly in Africa, the Caribbean, South America and Central Asia. At a conservative estimate of 10% coverage, floating solar could generate 1,300 TWh worldwide, with a theoretical potential of up to 15,000 TWh.

This guide aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in agrivoltaics and FPV in different jurisdictions. By exploring these advances, stakeholders can better understand the opportunities and challenges associated with these sustainable PV systems and contribute to their wider adoption and implementation.

If you have any questions or would like to discuss any of the topics covered here in more detail, please contact the authors of the country chapters or Kostadin Sirleshtov.